Abstract
The present research was conducted during Kharif-2021 at the Research Farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, J. V. College, Baraut, Baghpat, to examine 40 black gram diverse genotypes in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The estimates of the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were observed high for the number of primary branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index and seed yield per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was obtained for a number of primary branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, biological yield per plant, harvest index and seed yield per plant. Based on the mean performance of the genotypes, KPU 1097, KPU410-31, KPU1102, KPU1116 and KPU12-155 were superior not only for seed yield per plant but also for other yield contributing traits.
Black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) is a diploid (2n=2x=22) legume belongs to family Leguminaceae. This is an important annual, autogamous, short durati on, pulse crop widely cultivated in India which gives us an excellent source of easily digestible good quality protein and the ability to restore the fertility of soil through symbiotic nitrogen fixation. It is widely cultivated on marginal lands with low inputs during the Kharif, Rabi and summer seasons in different parts of the country. The whole plant of this crop is utilized as fodder for animals. It is also an excellent green manure and soil conservation crop. It is grown as a mixed crop, catch crop, sequential crop besides as sole crop under residual moisture conditions after the harvest of rice and also before and after the harvest of other crops under semi irrigated and dry land conditions (Yashoda et al., 2016). To achieving higher yield in this crop are lack of genetic variability, poor harvest index, suitable varieties and genotypes with adaptation to local condition are the main constraints. To achieve a genotype with high yield potential is considered as ultimate aim of plant breeder which is possible only by incorporating various desirable traits in a genotype. This is very difficult often to improve yield directly as it is controlled by poly genes and interlinked with other yield components traits. Black gram is the fourth main pulse crop in India.
Keywords
Black Gram, Genetic Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance
References
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