Technological advancement for revival of organic Cotton Sector in India: Policy and Roadmap

Abstract

Cotton is vital for India's agriculture and industry constituting 70% of the textile sector's fiber consumption and 38% of exports. Cultivated over 13.0 million hectares, it sustains 60 million livelihoods. In 2021-22, India produced 34.10 million bales of cotton, exporting to 159 countries; major importers were Bangladesh, China, and Vietnam, accounting for 60% of exports. Despite its economic significance, conventional cotton farming's negative environmental impact fueled interest in organic cotton production. Demand surged globally for chemical-free organic cotton as consumers in Western countries sought sustainable textiles. Organic cotton adheres to strict standards, shunning genetically modified seeds, synthetic pesticides, and fertilizers. India's organic cotton sector revived as more farmers adopted eco-friendly methods. The global organic cotton sector is projected to grow, driven by consumer demand and government support. However, challenges in supply chain integrity, sustainable practices, marketing, and certification must be addressed for long-term viability.