Cyanobacteria's beneficial impacts on human wellness

Abstract

Because of their colour, cyanobacteria are also known as blue-green algae (BGA). These are gram-positive prokaryotes. They manufacture their own food by photosynthesis and are rich in colours such as chlorophyll a, carotenoids, and phycobilins. Blue-green algae have been demonstrated to be useful in the treatment of hypertension and may be used as a protein supplement. Moreover, it is used to treat high levels of cholesterol or other fats (lipids) in the blood, diabetes, obesity, and a variety of other diseases. BGA are healthy natural products that are high in essential amino acids, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), fibre, vitamin B, calcium, phosphorus, and iron. They also contain pigments, including gammacarotene, xanthophylls, chlorophyll, and other bioactive components. BGAs may be present in a wide range of plant-based diets. Microalgae and cyanobacteria must be cultivated using controlled cultivation methods or collected from their natural habitats before they may be sold as nutritional supplements all over the world. The current review focuses on the nutritional and medicinal advantages of blue-green algae.