The nutritional and medicinal benefits of Papaya (Carica papaya L.)

Abstract

Pollutants, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, cosmetics, flavourings, scents, industrial chemicals, environmental contaminants, food additives, and so on are just some examples of the many xenobiotics in our world. Many diseases can be traced back to these 
molecules, especially the free radicals that damage membranes. Nutritionists advocate for consuming various fruits due to their high nutrient content and health value. Papayas are among the most nutrient-dense tropical fruits. All portions of the papaya plant (Carica 
papaya L.), including the leaves, fruits, seeds, peels and roots are edible and useful. The pulp contains dietary fibre, antioxidant vitamins (A, C and E), mineral nutrients (potassium and magnesium) and B-complex vitamins (folate and pantothenic acid). The 
papaya plant contains numerous beneficial phytochemicals. These include phytosterols, tocopherols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and carotenoids. Among their many medical applications, these chemicals have been shown to have anti-carcinogenic effects and 
benefits, including the reduction of inflammation, blood sugar levels, infertility and blood pressure. The most effective dosage, mechanisms of action, and safety profile of these components still need to be confirmed. However, so more research is required. This 
review summarizes the various nutraceutical properties of C. papaya phytochemicals to aid researchers in further exploring the potential of C. papaya leaves, fruits, peels, and seeds as a functional food.