Ecological adaptation and phytochemicals variability of Fragaria species in the agro-climatic zones of Mayurbhanj, Odisha

Abstract

This study investigates the ecological adaptability and chemical profile of Fragaria species (strawberry) introduced into the unique tropical agro-climatic zones of Mayurbhanj, Odisha, specifically focusing on the transition belts of the Similipal Biosphere Reserve. Despite its temperate origins, strawberry cultivation has expanded in this region, necessitated by the specific micro-climates and acidic laterite soils of Northern Odisha. The research evaluates how local environmental factors-such as temperature fluctuations, soil pH, and humidity-influence plant phenology and the synthesis of secondary metabolites. Phytochemical screening focuses on quantifying total phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanins (primarily pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside) across different altitudinal gradients. Preliminary observations suggest that environmental stressors in these tropical fringes may enhance antioxidant concentrations as an adaptive response. By correlating soil-climatic data with bioactive yield, this study provides critical insights into the physiological resilience of Fragaria in non-traditional landscapes. The findings offer a scientific foundation for optimizing cultivation practices, enhancing fruit quality, and supporting the socio-economic upliftment of tribal farmers in the Mayurbhanj district through sustainable horticulture.