Genetic analysis of quantitative traits for yield improvement in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Abstract

The present investigation entitled Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Traits for Yield Improvement in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) was conducted at research farm of Shri Durga Ji Post Graduate College, Chandeshwar, Azamgarh. Rice is a major staple crop globally, and
improving its yield is a primary objective in plant breeding programs. The present study was conducted to assess genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and genetic advance in per cent of mean among 30 rice genotypes. The experiment was laid out in a
Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications during the kharif season. Eleven quantitative traits were analyzed. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all traits, indicating the presence of substantial genetic variability.
High genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were observed for fertile seeds per panicle and harvest index. Moderate to high heritability coupled with genetic advance was recorded for key yield traits, suggesting the predominance of additive gene action.
The study concludes that selection based on these traits can effectively enhance rice yield in breeding programs.