Microencapsulation of active compounds from Horticultural crops and their Application: A Review

Horticultural crops are very good sources of active compounds. Each fruit and vegetable containing different kinds of active compounds can be varied from species to species as well as climates. There is an increasing demand to seek out suitable solutions that provide high productivity and, at an equivalent time satisfy an adequate quality of the ultimate products. Micro and nano-encapsulation are promising technologies to guard and deliver sensitive compounds, allowing a controlled release within the target sites. Microcapsules offer food processors a way to guard sensitive food components, ensure protection against nutritional loss, utilize sensitive ingredients, incorporate unusual or time-release mechanisms into the formulation, mask or preserve flavors/aromas and transform liquids into easy to handle solid ingredients. These microcapsules release their contents at desired rate and time by different release mechanisms, depending on the encapsulated products which provide the wide application of food ingredients. This review paper aims to provide an overview of commonly used processes and encapsulating agents to microencapsulate the active compounds from horticultural crops.

The food manufacturers and scientists worldwide are presently aiming to identify and characterize foods that can be used as sources of beneficial nutrients to promote the health and well being of consumers. Based on this new paradigm, the development of new food products must combine novel technologies with the use of traditional methods to control the bio-accessibility of certain components in foods. Microencapsulated products often present new challenges to food products developers. Existing ingredients that are incorporated into food systems slowly degrade and lose their activity, or become hazardous, by propagating a chain of oxidation reactions. In many cases, microencapsulation can be used to overcome these challenges. Microencapsulation is a technology that may be useful for generating small particles that aggregate into thin layers.

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